Recently on February 14, when the world celebrated Valentine’s Day, one other particular – and much more crucial – day associated to the guts was noticed – Congenital Heart Defect (CHD) Awareness Day. Congenital Heart Defects are structural abnormalities of the guts which might be current at start. “The incidence of CHD is approximately 8-10/ 1000 live births, however incidence is much higher in aborted foetuses. There are various types of congenital heart defects, which can affect different parts of the heart and can vary in severity,” says Dr Ashutosh Marwah, Director – Paediatric Cardiology, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, Okhla Road, New Delhi.
Some frequent kinds of congenital coronary heart defects embrace Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), Aortic Stenosis and Pulmonary Stenosis. Dr Marwah explains the various kinds of congenital defects:
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): An opening within the septum (the wall) between the atria (higher chambers) of the guts.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD): An opening within the septum between the ventricles (decrease chambers) of the guts.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): Failure of the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, to shut after start.
Aortic Stenosis: Narrowing of the aortic valve, which obstructs blood movement from the left ventricle to the aorta.
Pulmonary Stenosis: Narrowing of the pulmonary valve, relying on severity might have balloon dilatation.
Tetralogy Of Fallot: A mix of 4 coronary heart defects that embrace a ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve and artery), overriding aorta (aorta is shifted in direction of the proper ventricle), and proper ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the muscle of the proper ventricle).
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Transposition Of The Great Arteries (TGA): A situation by which the aorta and pulmonary artery are switched in place.
Coarctation Of The Aorta: Narrowing of the aorta, the primary artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the guts to the physique.
Ebstein’s Anomaly: A defect by which the tricuspid valve, situated between the proper atrium and the proper ventricle, is abnormally positioned and doesn’t perform correctly.
Pulmonary Atresia: Absence or irregular closure of the pulmonary valve, which obstructs blood movement from the proper ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC): Abnormal connection of the pulmonary veins to the proper atrium as a substitute of the left atrium.
Tricuspid Atresia: Absence or underdevelopment of the tricuspid valve, which separates the proper atrium and proper ventricle.
Dr Marwah provides that therapy choices fluctuate relying on the kind and severity of the defect and should embrace drugs, catheter-based procedures, or surgical procedure.
Source: zeenews.india.com
